Machine for finishing book covers



April 16, 1929. H. DUNN 1,709,252

MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS Filed March 10, 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 16, 1929. H. DUNN MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS Filed March 10, 1927 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 [fly 9 Invento fl,/l

Attorney I 16, 1929. DUNN MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS Filed March 10, 1927 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 O HH U 6 h M w/ a J. 7 w

April 16, 1929. DUNN MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 mm \m am w A ril 16, 1929. H. DUNN 1,709,252

MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS Filed March 10, 1927 7 sheets-shgt 5 5754 fi 15, [Ti

# 19 Inventor ttorncy April 16, 1929. H. DUNN 1,709,252 momma FOR-FINISHING BOOK covsns Filed March 10, 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 m 9 I t 'r I Inren o wrnay April 16, 1929. H. DUNN MACHINE FOR FINISHING 500K COVERS Filed March 10, 1927 '7 Sheets-Sheet. '7

1 9 In ven tor far name;

Patented Apr. 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES HUGH DUNN, OF FALKIRK, SCOTLAND.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING BOOK COVERS.

Application filed March 10, 1927, Seria1 No. 174,253, and in Great Britain March 13, 1926.

This invention relates to machines for finishing the rounded back of books of miscellaneous sizes and thicknesses by the application of lining, lettering or ornamentation. In the case of lining, blind or other lines such as, for instance, gold or ink lines may be applied (all of which are herein referred to as lining for convenience) while in the case of lettering, letters, numerals and any other distinctive characters may be applied (all of which are herein referred to as lettering for convenience) V The object of this invention is to provide a machine which will effect ordinary lining, lettering or ornamenting ina better manner than heretofore, and which can also be used alike for blind, gold or ink work.

The features of this invention will be apparent from the following description and will be more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine.

Fig. 2 isa section on line II-II in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on line III-III in Fig. 2.

Fig. lisa fragmentary view illustrating the positioning devices.

. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectionalview of the type carrier removed.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the type carrier.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line VIIVII in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the type carrier. v

Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line IXIX in 7. i l

Figs. 10 and 11 are side elevations of the type.

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the retaining blocks.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of an electrical heating appliance for the tools.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation thereof showing the electrical heating appliance attached to the machine. a

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a device for heating the tools separately from the machine.

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of an appliance for handling the hot tools.

Fig. 17 is an inverted plan view of an alternative form of type carrier. 1

Fig. 18 is a section on line XVIII-XVIII in Fig. 17. i

Fig. 19 is a section on line IXXIXX in Fig. 17.

Fig. 20 is a longitudinal sectional elevation.

Fig. 21 is a perspective View of the type holder removed from the carrier.

Figs. 22 and 23 are side elevation and rear elevation perspectively of a machine operated by power.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary sectional side elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 22.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, the apparatus comprises a rectangular box-like main frame 1, having two clamping members 2-3 adapted to receive and hold the book i; at least one of which clamping members is movable, preferably under the control of a quick-acting screw 5 operated from a hand wheel 6 on the exterior of the main frame. A setting gauge 7 is provided on the clamping members adapted to position the book 111 relation to the tools. a

On the top of the frame 1, at one end thereof, is fixed two spaced bearings 8 carrying a bar 9 mounted on trunnions 9 so that the bar serves as a pivot for a flat rectangular guide frame 10. This guide frame extends from one side of the machine across the top of the main frame and is free at its other end 11.

Slidably mounted on the guide frame is a carriage 12 having downwardly extending lugs 13 which project into the main frame and carry a fixed projection Mon one side anda movable projection 15 on the other side. The projection 15 is screwed so that it can be retracted to receive detachably the spindle 22 carrying the finishing tool which will be hereinafter explained. The spindle has counterbored ends 28 with which the projections 14 and 15 engage.

The carriage has a pin and slot connection at each side thereof with a lever-like frame, the carriage bein preferably provided with projecting pins 13 in the ends of the transverse bar 16 which engage in slots 18 in the frame. This lever frame consists of two bars 19 one at each side of the main frame pivotally mounted at 20. These bars extend upwardly and may be providedwith a number of transverse rods, only one marked 21 however is shown. Where more bars than one are provided these are disposed at difierent distances from the fulcrum and constitute a number of handles any one of which can be selected by the operator so as to vary the leverage.

The guide "frame 10 -is provided with rearwardly extending spindles 23 carrying counter balance weights 24-, which are adjustable thereon, being clamped in their adjusted position by the set screws 24, said weights acting to counter balance the weight of the tool carriage and otherpartsmounted on said frame.

The carriage for the tools is so arranged that it is rocked on the guide frame and thereby moved from one side to theother of the clamping members under the action of the leverframe. WVhenthe tools are idle, such as when a book is being placed into the clamping members, preparatoryto lining, the tools willlie atone side of the clamping members. In a position, thereof, directly bene'ath this idle position of the tools an'electric heating device25 is disposed so as to heat the tools. This electric heating device which is shown more clearly :in Figs. 13 and 14,,consists of twolengths of resistance wire 54 wound'on insulating material 55 and 'inounted on an insulating base member 56 fixed to a metal frame 57 so mounted onthe machine that it occupies the position aforesaid but; is adjustable towards or away from the tools. The metal frame may be secured in its adjusted position by means of the screws 58. The resistance wiresare connectedto a source of supply through a series-parallelswitch adapted to put the lengths of resistance wire into I end 'l'loftheguide frame 10 by means of. the

connecting links-27 and" the bolt 28 fixed to the 1 end frame member '11.

The finishingtool which is used for-lining, letteringor'ornamenting'theback of the book comprisesthecylindrical type carrier shown moreparticularly inF-igs. 5 to 9. This device consists of a cylinder 30 having a number of'annular ribs 31theseribs having a laterally extending flange 32 on oneside extending around slightly more than half the circumference thereof, theremainder ofthe ribs being flat sided as shown. To this cylinder is'adapted to be fixed type 33,this type being -made of the form shown in Figs. 10 and 11,

having the two oppositeside faces 3- i35 tapering as-shown, l1avinganother face 36 formed with a notch 37 and having the remaining face 38 formed with at-shoulder 39. The type is so'arrangedthatit can'be pushed endwise inbetween the flat sided portions of the ribs and then slid round into the position shown are not so high (see Fig. 12) these blocks having a flange 41 and a set screw 42 and having a screw 13 to clamp the type in position. These blocks are slid in between the same ribs as the type and then the set screw 42 is screwed down to engage with an adjacent rib and thereby iixthe blocks in position upon the cylinder. 7

The form of type shown iszadvantageous in thatowlng :to its tapering sides-it beds together on the type carrier, in that it can be quickly appliedto the type carrierby hand and havingan interengaging flange and notch at one side only 'it must always-bepl'aced in the correct Way' on the type carrier. F-or lini ng'or ornamenting, long pieces of type-de ain -used,theribs on thelower part of the type case being made flat for nearly half their circumference, toenable these pieces to 'be inserted therebetween', as indicated in dotted lines in Fig.9, and thenslid round into the position shown in full lines in Fig. 9 thepieces 'ldbeingshapedand notched similar 'to the other type pieces. These pieces of type are each suliiciently long to produce one line on the back of the book.

' These pieces 1 1 are also held in place by blocks 40. The carrier will take all the typenecessaryfor lining, lettering and ornamenting the whole back of a book,- at one operation.

Lilies 45 are EHgIEL'VBCl OH the periphery of the ribs to facilitate thepositioning ofthe type thereon.

The type case'is provided with a central bore 4.6 by which it c'an be slid'on to the spindlef22and clamped in position by the screws 47.

An alternative and preferred construction of the type carrier isshown in Figs. 17 to 21. In this form the carrier comprises a cylinder 150 having a series of spaced radial ribs 151 having fiat, parallel sides around their whole circumference. Between 'these ribs are mounted the type or a holder therefor, the type or. holder being forced in betweenthc ribs and being retained bythe frictional engagement of the part-s. 'Inthe drawing one of these holders is shown in position in Figs. 17 20 and detached'in Fig. 21. This holder comprises a main side member 153, having two fixed spacing lugs 154l-155,one at each end thereof, and havingan auxiliary side member 156 fixed at its ends only to the lugs 154155 by the rivets 157 so that it can flex outwardly, and thus be distended.

position between the ribs.

. shoulder 29 and the retaining blocks are modified as shown. With this arrangement the type can be quickly assembled in the holder by inserting it with its tapered sides against the side members of the holder (as shown in dotted lines in. Fig. 21) and then turning it throughQO? so that the'fiange 158 engages in the notch 37. After all the type for one row of lettering has been set up in this manner the blocks 160 and 161 are moved up to hold the type lirmly'together in its proper position, the said blocks being clamped by the screws 163 and then this holder is forced into The screws 163 andltS L are then finally tightened up. In this way not only the type held absolutely rigid but on detachment for the carriage it can be quickly extracted and other type substituted therefor. \Vhere large pieces of type are used as that marked 168 provided for lining this can be mounted directly in between fitting snugly in the spindle and carrying a metal socket 174 having a pin 17 2 at its inner end which passes through the insulating bush and is screwed to receive a nut 175 which serves to clamp the insulating bush to the socket and also to attach one end of the resistance wire thereto. Plugs 176 are provided fixed on the ends of the electrical supply leads 1T8 adapted to engage in the socket. The set pins 17 7 serve to fix the terminals within the hollow spindle. The rod of resistance wire 170 is surrounded by insulating bushes 179 disposed in abutting relationship in the hollow spindle.

The type carrier is supported in a position in which the type extends downwardly as indicated in Fig. 3 so that by reciprocating the slide 12 on the frame 11) the type carrier and its spindle will be given a rocking movement as the type carrier traverses the book due to the engagementof the type with the back of the book, the spindle being rotatable.

In order to ensure that the lettering or other ornamenting matter is placed symmetrically uponbooks of (liiierent thickness the following apparatus shown in Fig. t is employed. A member 48 forming a ridge is provided, arranged to be detachably fitted to the flat sided portion of the ribs on the type case, in the centre thereof, this ridge cooperating with a screw pointer e19 (Fig. l) fixed on the carriage to position the type carrier on the machine. After the type carrier has been positioned in this way, the

screw pointer 49 is retracted, out of engagement with the ridge, to enable the type car rier to roll freely. A graduated member 50 is also provided, said member having a boss 51 by which it is mounted upon the frame member 10 and lined by the pinching screw 52, this graduated member co-operating with the front edge 58 of the slide 12-, which edge acts as an index mark, to show the position of the carriage for each thickness of book. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 a book 2 inches thick is clamped in position and the slide is moved until the edge 53 opposite the 2 inch mark on the scale when the type will be positioned centrally over the back of the book. In use the type will be positioned in this manner while the frame 10 is in its raised position and subsequently the frame 10 will be depressed to bring the type into contact with the back of the book after which the slide will be reciprocated slightly to rock the type carrier and the type over the back of the book to either side ofthe central posi tion.

It is not essential that the operation be carried out in the manner specified above, but the tools may be rocked in a similar mannor to that specified in the preceding paragraph except that the rocking nmvement may be commenced at one side and finished at the other. In fact this method found preferable in certain circumstances. It will be understood that in the latter case the position l22 engaging the right and left hand screw threaded parts 123 and 124; of the shaft 125 mounted in a bracket 12? and operable by the hand wheel 126 as to raise or lower the support according to the direction in which the screw is rotated. .lhis support facilitates the positioning of the bookin the machine and is particularly useful for heavy books. A

The above described methods of heatin the tools are extremely useful in repetitioii work, i. e. work where the tools do not require to be constantly altered, but with other classes of work, itis preferred to employ another dili'erent form of heating device. This consists of a metal boa: 1-10 (see Fig. 15) having a hinged lid 111 and a lining of insulating material, electrical heating elements or gas or other heating means (not shown) being located in the bottom and being covered by the perforated tray 144 while the top of the box and the lid are recessed at 145 and 146 to receive the tools. In this method ithetools can be made up or composed and placed in the box to be heat 1 and maintained at the proper heat until required for use. In this way the .niachine not delayed whilev the toolsarebeing heated, cooled and changed. With this ap 'iaratus some means is :requiredto enable the operator to handle the hot tools. A suitable device for this purpose is shown in Fi 1.0 and cor of two hook .inembers is"? fixed at eithe of two spaced rods 1-i814i0, the :hook be adapted :to engage around thespindle in. the ends thereof.

For gold workthe gold leaf wonldlbe first applied to the back of the book, and for ink work the type will be inked.

In Figs. 22and 23 mechanism is shown for driving. the machine by power, in which case a drivingshaft 100 fixed to the backof the machine has loosely mounted thereon the driving beltpulley 101 continuouslydriven when the machine is in usebyiabelt 104; from a prime mover, said pulley 10 1 being-adapted to be clutched and declntched from the driving shaft by a dog clutch shaft 102. This driving shaft 100 has two-pinion wheels 105, oneiat :each end, which mesh with toothed wheels 106 fixed on top otthe machine frame and these toothed wheels 100 are provided with linksxlOT connected to the upstanding lever frame 19 adapted on rotation of the toothed wheels to reciprocate the said lever frame, The dog clutch. 102 is provided with a lever .108 connectedat one endtheretmpwoted at 109 inter-mediate itsiendsand having .aweight l10l(or spring) at :its free end; said 115 rockably mounted on the driving shaft 100 andhaving a projection 116 on its-lower end adapted to engage beneath the clutch lever to retain it in its raised position.

The arrangement is such that when the machine is idlethe projection 11d onthe carriage holds the control lever in an inoperative position shown in dotted lines in Figs.'22 and 24 but as the carriage begins to move the lever 115 is released and this then moves under the action of the spring 130 and brings the projection beneath the clutch lever. The carriage then continues to move forward and then backward and-asit comes tothe end of I its rearward stroke the extension 114 thereon rocks the control leverso as'to trip the clutch lever which i-by .reason'of the weight disengages the clutch. Byth isimeans thecarriage TQQlPI'OCdi JGS forward and backward once and then automatically stops.

The links may be detachably connected to the upstanding lever frame so that the power driven means can be readily disconnected and the machine made manually operable.

The motor 118 maybe placed on an under traine'119 for the machine, and act to drive the loose pulley 101 by belt chain or other gearing.

here necessary for reducing the speed ot the drive to the machine, the motor drives-the pulley through suitable reduction gearing such a a counter shaft 119..having] pulleys 112 of a size necessary to give the re qulred reduction or speed. This reduction gearing -may also be ,mounted on the under frame.

This mechanical drive is moreparticulan ly applicable to blind work, but it may alsov the book. It will be readily apparent to anyone skilled in the art that themechanism could be r iadily adaptedto lettering or other ornamental work, or without alteration the lettering or ornamental work can bedone by hand.

1 claim 2 v 1. A machine for thepurpose specified,

comprising, means for holdinga book, means for carrying type, said means being so constructed as to receive all the type necessary to finish the whole back of the book, means for reciprocating the said type carrying means, means. pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above-said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end, for movingthe type carrying means towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to thework, and means for positioning the means for carrying type relative to the back of the book. i

2. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, stationary means for holding a book, a frame pivotally mounted at one end and extendingacross the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving it towards the book, a carriage reciprocably mounted on said frame, means for reciprocating said carriage, means for carrying type, said means beingiso constructed as to receive all the type necessary to finish the whole back of the book, means for detachably mounting said type carrying means on said carriage and means for positioning said type carrying means relative to the book.

,3. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, stationary means for holding a book, a frame pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving it towards the book, a carriage reciprocably mounted on said frame, means for positioning said carriage relative to the book so as to suit books of different sizes, means for reciprocating said carriage, means for carrying type, said means being so constructed as to receive all the type necessary to finish the whole back of the book, means for detachably mounting said type carrying means on said carriage and means for positioning said type carrying means relative to the book.

4:. A machine for the purpose specified, comprising, means for holding a book, means for carrying type, said means being so constructed as to receive all the type necessary to finish the whole back of the book, means for reciprocating the said type carrying means, means pivotally mounted at one end and eX- tending across the machine about said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end, for moving the type carrying means towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to the work, means for positioning the means for carrying type relative to the back of the book and means for heating said type carrying means.

5. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, stationary means for holding a book, a frame pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving it towards the book, a carriage reciprocably mounted on said frame, means for reciprocating said carriage, means for carrying type, said means being so constructed as to receive all the type necessary to finish the whole back of the book, means for detachably mounting said type carrying means on said carriage, means for positioning said type carrying means relative to the book and electrical means for heating said type carrying means.

6. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, means for holding a book, finishing tools, power driven means for reciprocating said finishing tools and means pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving the finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to the work.

7. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, means for holding a book, finishing tools, power driven means for recipr0cating said finishing tools, means for starting said power driven means, means for mterrupting said driving means at the end of one reciprocatory cycle and means pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving the finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to the work.

8. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, means for holding a book, finishing tools a carriage for said tools mounted to reciprocate above said book holding means from a position on one'side to a position on the other side thereof, power driven means for reciprocating said carriage, means for starting the said power driven means, means on said carriage to stop said power driven means as the carriage moves back to its initial position and means pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holdin means and being manually operable at its free end for moving the finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to the work.

9. A machine for the purpose specified comprising, means for holding a book, finishing tools, a carriage for said tools mounted to reciprocate above said book holding means from a position on one side to a position on the other side thereof, a driving shaft, a driving pulley loosely mounted on said shaft and adapted to be continuously driven, a clutch for clutching and declutching the pulley to said driving shaft, means driven by said shaft adapted to reciprocate said carriage, a starting device adapted to engage said clutch, a control lever adapted, after the ca rriage has begun to move forward, to retain the clutch in its engaged position and as the carriage approaches the end of its rearward movement to disengage said clutch and thereby stop the machine, and means pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its free end for moving the finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can be suited to the work.

10. A machinefor the purpose specified comprising. means for holding a book, finishing tools, a carriage for said tools mounted to reciprocate above said book holding means from a position on one side to a position on the other side thereof, a driving shaft, a driving pulley loosely mounted on said shaft and adapted to be continuously driven, a clutch for clutching and declutching the pulley to said driving shaft, means driven by said shaft for converting rotary into reciprocating motion, said means being connected to said carriage so as to reciprocate the same on rotation of'the shaft, a clutch lever, weighted and arranged so as normally to retain the clutch in its disengaged position, an operating device adapted to move said clutch lever so as to engage the clutch,

a controh lever adapted to hold theeluteh leverin its engaged position means on said :urriz-rge to trip said control lever at the end of each reciprocating cycle of the carriage so ae to allow the clutch lever to disengage the clutch and thereby stop the machine and means pivo'tailly'mounted at one end and extending Across the machine above said book holding means and being manually operable at its 'ii'ee end for moving the-finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation so that the pressure can'be suited'to the Work.

11; A machine for the purpose specified comprising, HIGZIDSfOPhOlCllTHg book, fin ishing tools, means rforreciproceting said finishing tools, means pivotally mounted at one end and extending across the machine above said book holding,- means and liming 12m nna'lly operable at its free end for moving the finishing tools towards the book during their reciprocation eo tlmtthe pressure can be suited to the Work, end it foot tree-dleconnested with the free end of said pivotzilly mo Linted means.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HUGH DUNN. 

